Legal and ethical issues concerning violence in video games Term Paper

Lawful and moral issues concerning savagery in computer games - Term Paper Example Numerous cases have been advanced to boycott the utilization of rough computer games in the United States. Solid lawful measures have not been taken however an administrative body by the computer game industry has been framed. Lawful and Ethical Issues Concerning Violence in Video Games Human creatures have progressed from the Stone Age to a period of advancement and progress. Innovative progressions have served to furnish individuals with development and improvement in all fields of life which incorporate sciences, medication and various types of diversion. The extent of amusement has augmented from the outside games and there has been incredible advancement in the improvement of indoor games. The extension of media and its hold on today’s world can be featured by the quality that it has in overwhelming numerous significant choices that an individual takes. Media influences the way of life just as living of the people in this general public. It can influence the considering i ndividuals by the manner in which it depicts the various happenings on the planet. Computer games are a significant type of the media. The wide use and prominence of computer games has significantly expanded throughout the years and it is currently broadly utilized as a type of diversion. The prevalence of computer games has been related with various issues which incorporate the way that the introduction to savage computer games serves to effectsly affect the individuals who play these games. Accordingly, it has additionally become an issue of discussion inferable from the way that there have been debates with respect to the moral and lawful issues concerning brutality in computer games. There has been an incredible flood in the quantity of individuals who use computer games for their diversion and henceforth the use of computer games has exceptionally expanded throughout the years. In the United States, it has been examined that kids between the age gathering of 8 to 18 years are p resented to 40 hours out of one complete week to the different types of media which incorporate the computer games. The prevalence of computer games has been exceptionally expanded among the more youthful age gatherings. A fascinating angle is that kids who are just two years old play computer games and their presentation reaches to a normal of one hour of the day. Among the young men between the ages of 8 to 13 years, it has been dissected that the introduction to video games is higher than 7.5 hours in seven days. The negative part of this issue which has been advanced by an examination is that the computer games that are bought by the kids are not managed by their folks and subsequently the oversight of the games that are played by the youngsters is insignificant (Anderson et al 2001). Besides, it has been clarified that the games played by just about 75 percent of the young people are not implied for their age bunches as they accommodate expanded introduction and brutality depic tion and are for grown-ups (Adams, 2010). The seriousness of the brutality introduction can be dissected by the insights of an exploration directed in the United States which accommodated the way that the youngsters have a presentation to 40,000 killings by different types of media when they have achieved the age of 18 years (Anderson 2005). Computer games were brought into the market in the twentieth century and specifically after 1970. Computer games were not dubious to start with but rather the innovation of another game which was alluded to as Death Race 2000 turned into a subject of discussion. It was accepted that the game was

Competitor analysis Essay

IKEA is a globally known home outfitting retailer. It has developed quick since it was established in 1943. Today it is the world’s biggest furniture retailer, perceived for its Scandinavian style and the low estimated great furniture things. The greater part of IKEA’S furniture is level pack. This permits a decrease in expenses and bundling. IKEA has around 9500 items, including home furnishings and frill. The items are accessible in all IKEA stores and clients can arrange them too online through IKEA’S site. There are around 140 IKEA stores on the planet in 30 unique nations. IKEA stores incorporate eateries and caf㠩’s serving commonplace Swedish food. They likewise have little food shops selling Swedish staple goods, everything from the celebrated meatballs to stick. 2. Investigation of current circumstance Current strategic: IKEA’S mission is to offer a wide scope of home outfitting things of good structure and capacity, amazing quality and sturdiness, at costs so low that most of individuals can stand to get them. They intend to pull in clients who are searching for quality items at sensible costs, however who are happy to collect their furniture themselves and take part in a self-administration culture. The common objective clients are youthful families with a low to center low salary. †Goals: Their ongoing objectives is that every single new store will be worked to a guaranteed green structure standard and sell increasingly natural merchandise. Also, to urge their clients to head out with open vehicle to visit their store. They need to be increasingly perceived as an eco-accommodating business. Procedures: The premise of IKEA’S procedure is a blend of improve their own secluded plans, mass created segments and a committed provider organize all equipped towards serving cost cognizant clients while as yet keeping up a to elevated expectation of merchandise and workmanship. They plan their own furnishings and it’s a self-administration, that is a major piece of their methodology. They likewise have a ton of offices to offer. For example they offer paper and pencils, PCs so you can look certain things into, they have a play area for kids and a café with delectable and payable food. Since IKEA was established it generally had worry for individuals and the earth. The IKEA vision is â€Å"to make a superior regular day to day existence for some people†. IKEA’S worry for individuals and the earth urges it to utilize both crude materials and vitality. This minimizes expenses and encourages the organization to arrive at its green targets and have a general positive effect on the earth. 4 3. Inner condition - Strengths: Qualities could incorporate a company’s authority promoting aptitude or its area. They are any part of the business that enhances its item or administration. IKEA’S qualities include: It’s an overall brand which draws in a great deal of purchaser gatherings, they likewise offer a similar quality and range in their stores. its vision ‘to make a superior regular day to day existence for some people’ A solid idea dependent on offering a wide scope of very much structured, useful item at low costs. A positive Human Resource Management approach towards its staff, which prompts an inspirational disposition among the staff and expanded execution for the organization. This satisfies the staff with their employments. The staff has an equivalent treatment, regardless of which foundation they have. This causes them to adjust to the buyers in various nations en inside various societies. They adjust rapidly to change. They utilize the most recent innovation, for example, IKEA IT (data innovation), this gives IKEA all its framework prerequisites, for example, normal business arrangements, design, foundation, administration and backing. For example, KPI (Key execution markers) it causes IKEA to gauge the advancement of its vision and long haul objectives by setting targets and observing advancement towards it. Naturally agreeable arrangement. Volume responsibilities IKEA puts stock in making long haul associations with its providers so as to accomplish this. By focusing on purchasing enormous volumes over various years IKEA can arrange lower costs. This likewise benefits the providers since they appreciate the more prominent security of having ensured orders. Economies of scale for example, mass purchasing at less expensive unit costs. Great showcasing. Shortcomings: IKEA needs to recognize its shortcomings so as to improve and oversee them. This can assume a key job in helping it to set destinations and grow new procedures. The size and size of its overall business. This could makes it hard to control all the stores, the staff and the measures. The requirement for ease items. This should be adjusted against delivering great quality. That is difficult to do, now and then they do have low quality. IKEA additionally should be not quite the same as contenders. IKEA needs to keep great correspondence with its customers and different partners about its natural exercises. The size of the business makes this a troublesome assignment. 5 4. Outer condition: †Opportunities: A business utilizes its qualities to make the most of the chances. a developing interest for greener items a developing interest for low estimated items. Low economy makes low valued furniture much all the more engaging. interest for decreased water use and lower carbon impressions †Threats Porter’s 5 powers model: 6 ââ€"  Threat of purchasers developing bartering power: †there is a little force as a result of the current low value alternatives. †IKEA guarantee that their clients in all perspectives will be fulfilled for quality administration they give †Focused their promoting approach on requests and needs of the purchaser. †IKEA utilizes their corporate duty as a decent open picture to their clients. †IKEA family card as a participation. ââ€" Threat of providers developing dealing power: †Because of the low-valuing, IKEA’s net revenue additionally influences the costs in crude materials than by costs in labor. †IKEA has a wide system of 1300 providers. They cautiously select the producer of its items. The organization has own creation processing plants and creators which makes it less subject to other people. †Bargaining intensity of provider could be danger for the benefit of the organization. ââ€" Threat of substitute items or administrations: †There is no particular item that can fill in for the furnishings yet IKEA at any rate, need to stay aware of the most recent patterns, to abstain from getting unfashionable. †Problems looked because of dissemination channels. ââ€" Rivalry among existing firms: †The IKEA’s furniture competitors’ offers various styles and usefulness †IKEA is the best in conveying the total bundle for the clients that reflect in powerless contentions. †There will consistently be substitutes for furniture’s yet IKEA contends with cost and there isn’t rivals in a similar value go. ââ€" Threat of new Entrants: †IKEA stores don't arrive at numerous humble communities and this is an open door for the new contenders to move into little and average size urban areas with littler stores and less determination. However, not simpler in city in light of the fact that new contestants need to set up an immense gracefully chain and make an exceptional brand name. †The furniture advertise is as of now profoundly serious, the danger of new participants isn't incredibly high. 7 5. End. IKEA is a notable worldwide brand with many stores over the world. So as to improve execution, it must evaluate its outer and serious condition. This will uncover the key open doors it can exploit and the dangers it must arrangement with. IKEA reacts to both interior and outside issues in a proactive and dynamic way by utilizing its qualities and lessening its shortcomings. Through this, IKEA can create the solid development it needs to hold a solid personality in the market. 6. SWOT-investigation Inside Environment SWOT Analysis Outer Environment Quality Openings ââ€" ¦Adapt rapidly ââ€" ¦Worldwide brand ââ€" ¦ Low cost †high caliber ââ€" ¦ Positive Human Resource Management ââ€" ¦ Environmentally cordial arrangement ââ€" ¦ Good showcasing ââ€" ¦ A developing interest for greener items ââ€" ¦ A developing interest for low evaluated items. ââ€" ¦Low economy makes low evaluated furniture considerably all the more engaging. ââ€" ¦ Demand for decreased water utilization and lower carbon impressions Weaknesses Dangers ââ€" ¦ Low correspondence of ecological exercises ââ€" ¦ The size of their overall business ââ€" ¦ The requirement for minimal effort items ââ€" ¦ The IKEA’s furniture contenders ââ€" ¦ New patterns ââ€" ¦ IKEA family card ââ€" ¦ Bargaining intensity of provider 8 Foreword This evaluation is about the organization IKEA. I will talk about a few issues including a presentation of the organization, an investigation of the present circumstance inside the interior (Strengths and Weaknesses) and outer condition (Opportunities and dangers) . The treats are portrayed in Porter’s 5 powers model. The appropriate responses of my examination can be found in the end and SWOT investigation. 3 List: Page numbers 1. Introduction4 2. Examination of current situation4 3. Interior environment5 4. Outside Environment6,7 5. Conclusion8 6. Swot-Analyses8 7. Bibliography9 2 7. Book reference ââ€" Continuing Case by Alan Hogarth ââ€"  http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/swot-examination and-supportable business-arranging/swot-analysis.html#axzz2eJ2NvcnR ââ€"  http://www.slideshare.net/FenellaAndrade/ikea-9167089 ââ€"  http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-examinations/swot-analysis.html ââ€"  http://inquire about methodology.net/doormen five-powers investigation/ 9 IKEA

Six Steps of Writing an Essay

Six Steps of Writing an EssayThese are the six steps of writing an essay. You don't have to follow them as is, but it's a good idea to study them and apply them. If you follow these steps, you will make sure that your essay is flawless.The first step is to consider the different options that are available for you. This means that you can choose what type of topics you want to cover and the length of your essay. There are a few different types of essays that you can write as well. You may want to create a report, a book report, a personal statement, a report on your interest, etc. Each of these has its own set of steps, but by considering all the options that are available to you, you'll be able to write a unique essay.The second step is to decide whether or not to write your essay for students. There are a number of schools out there that offer high school courses on various subjects. Of course, the rules vary from school to school. The basics though are the same: you need to decide whether or not to write a class assignment and what subject you want to write about.The third step is to take the assignment and find your voice. A voice is just the way that you talk. As you try to write the essay, you will want to determine how you want to express yourself, and it is that voice that you are trying to capture in your essay.The fourth step is to understand the entire body of your essay. Whether you are writing a report, a personal statement, or a book report, you need to understand the major points of the entire document. The main body of your essay needs to be coherent, so you need to know where to go to get the main ideas, but it also needs to flow well and be able to give your reader a great deal of information.The fifth step is to put everything that you have written into a formal outline. This is a simple document that will help you keep everything organized and help you figure out what is going on in your text. It will also help you figure out which parts you need to revise.The final step is to write a draft. Although you may only need to revise a section here and there, you want to make sure that your draft is up to standard. If you have done the writing and you don't have anything to revise, then you are done.When you have all the information that you need, it is a good idea to sit down and go over your essay again to see if you can improve it further. By considering all the steps, you can make sure that your essay is great. Following these six steps will make sure that your essay is perfect.

Essay Changes in Early Modern Europe - 967 Words

Early modern Europe, specifically Spain and England, was going through major growing pains in the period before discovery and settlement of the New World. Recovery from the Black Plague, religious reformation, and newly formed nation-states were on the forefront of these changes. The political environment, economy, and religion were all intertwined during the upheaval of the Old World which proved to be a driving force in the search for and eventual settlement of new lands. The Reformation and the Counter-Reformation were major motivating factors in early modern Europe leading to exploration of new lands. This began with Martin Luther’s break from Catholic doctrine in 1519. By the time the Reformation came onto the European stage,†¦show more content†¦Because of all this religious change in England and other nations, they were slower to explore and colonize the New World. Economic changes occurred partly due to the newly formed nation-states of Spain, Portugal, Franc e, and England. Trade at that time was limited and expensive, so the Europeans began looking for new trade routes to Asia. What they found was an altogether new place that opened up many new opportunities for food sources, money, and slave labor. A motivator for exploration was â€Å"defined primarily in terms of silver and gold and secondarily in terms of raw materials.† Another factor to consider was the population explosion that came about after the Black Plague wiped out around 30 million Europeans producing â€Å"economic disruption.† Spain was seeking gold to finance further expeditions abroad and their own war with the Muslims on the home front. Britain was seeking new trade markets for their wool with the collapse of their wool market at home. Another mitigating economic factor was the rising prices created by the flood of American silver into the European market. This caused rates to double on many goods, which benefited the farmers and the merchants, but the majority of people suffered because their wages did not rise proportionately. This increased the number of people living on the fringes of society and â€Å"thus built up pressure to immigrate to the Americas.† Intertwined withShow MoreRelatedEarly Modern Europe – Major Forces for Change903 Words   |  4 PagesEarly Modern Europe – Major Forces for Change There are a lot of events that shaped the history of early Europe. Our ancestors had a lot on their plate when they discovered new lands and fought new diseases. One of the early forces that had a major impact were the crusades. The Crusades were a bunch of religious wars that were called on by the Pope and the Catholic Church in order to defend Christianity against the Muslims and get closer to the holy cities and other places in ancient PalestineRead MoreWitches Be Thy Enemy738 Words   |  3 Pagesmagic did not exist and while those who did were diluted. By the end of the Inquisition there was an estimated 90,000 witch trials occur with an estimated 50% of them resulting in executions (Levack, The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe 1987, 2006, 23). So what dramatic turn did Europe take during the Inquisition? In the late sixteenth century the great witch hunt was beginning, and this was fueled by the European elites believing that witches were actively harming their neighbors and conspiring withRead MoreEssay on The Early Renaissance559 Words   |  3 PagesThe Early Renaissance Today, what is considered to be the modern times began with the Early Renaissance at the start of the 15th century. As time has progressed, things have modified within societies to mold with the new ways of thinking for that time. Between the years of the 1400s and the 1800s this world has undergone many changes. Focusing on Europe, the major forces of change were in politics, economics, and religion. In modern European history political effort were supplied byRead MoreThe Effects Of The Witch Hunt In Early Modern Europe996 Words   |  4 PagesIn early modern Europe, approximately 90,000 prosecutions for witchcraft transpired (Levack, The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe, 2016, p. 21). Although what caused this iniquity cannot be narrowed down to any one event, there are a number of factors that are more predominant than others. The evolution of many facets of government in addition to naturally occurring disasters, such as crop failure, created a crisis mentality. This shaped the framework for what was to become the witch-hunts thatRead MoreSecurity of the Political and Social Position of the Nobility in Early Modern Europe1357 Words   |  6 Pagesand Social Position of the Nobility in Early Modern Europe The nobility of early modern Europe were descended on the whole from the mounted knights of medieval armies who had been granted land along with social and political privileges and had subsequently formed a higher social class. Between 1500-1789 the status of the aristocracy came under threat both politically and socially. The rise of ‘absolutism’ within the monarchies of Europe led to the desire of governmentsRead MoreThe Impact Of Ecological And Climate Change On Europe1614 Words   |  7 PagesWhat was the impact of ecological and climate change on Europe between c.1500 and c.1650? Early Modern Europe started at the beginning of the 15th century and is a period which characterized by prodigious discoveries and inventions. It was also a period of great changes, hardship and wars that paved the way towards the Modern World and the industrial revolution. If the end of this period is often seen as one of intense human advancement especially in term of the arts, humanities and socialRead MoreWitch Hunts of the Early Modern Period as the Result of Religious and Social Upheaval1075 Words   |  5 PagesWitch Hunts of the Early Modern Period as the Result of Religious and Social Upheaval The Early Modern Period was a time of great change in and around Europe. The people of the age were faced with upheaval of all forms; religious, social, political and even economical. Religious upheaval stemmed from changes in religious views and practises. The Reformation was a hugely significant event that took place in the years spanning 1520-1650. It was a religious, and politicalRead MoreEssay on Relationship Between Modern Humans and Neanderthal 1593 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst Neanderthal fossils found in Europe, a fragmented child’s cranium in Belgium in 1830, and an adult cranium in Gibraltar, were not immediately recognized as a divergent kind of human. Only in 1856 after a partial skeleton was found in a cave in the Neander Valley in Germany it became clear that these fossils belonged to an extinct human and our closest evolutionary relative (Hublin and Pà ¤Ãƒ ¤bo, 2006). Since then, questions about their relationship with modern humans have been fiercely debatedRead MoreMedieval Period in European History1575 Words   |  7 PagesRoman Empire around 500 C.E., and continued until the early modern period beginning around 1500. The medieval period is split into the sub-categories of early medieval (500-1000), central middle ages (1000-1300), late medieval (1300-1500), and followed by the early modern period (1500-1800). At each of these periods of time important political, economic, social, cultural, religious and scientific changes were being made in Western Europe. Early Medieval The collapse of the Roman Empire led to theRead More Review of The Black Death Essay854 Words   |  4 Pagesresults of the plague that devastated medieval Europe. It focuses on the many effects it had on the culture of medieval Europe and the possibility that it expedited cultural change. I found that Robert S. Gottfried had two main theses in the book. He argued that rodent and insect life cycles, as well as the changing of weather systems affect plague. He claimed that the devastation plague causes is partly due to its perpetual recurrences. Plague ravaged Europe in cycles, devastated the people when they

Lucy Stone - The Progress of Fifty Years - 1893 Speech

This was Lucy Stones last public speech, and she died a few months later at age 75. The speech was originally presented as a speech to the Congress of Women held in the Womans Building at the Worlds Columbian Exposition (Worlds Fair), Chicago, 1893.  Stone is known as a proponent of womens suffrage and, earlier in her life, as an abolitionist. A short biography below (before Stones speech) was published with the speech in the official edition of the record of the Congress of Women, published at the direction of the Lady Managers, a committee charged by the United States Congress with overseeing the Womans Building and its events. Points covered in this speech: Education: A reflection that Oberlin College opened itself to both sexes and to all classes in 1833, followed by Mary Lyon opening Mt. Holyoke.Free speech: Anti-Slavery activism had led to questioning womens role as well, though the anti-slavery movement was divided on womens rights. She mentions the Grimke sisters and Abby Kelly.  Abby Kellys role in establishing the right to free speech for women, defended by Garrison and Phillips.Womens Sphere and womens work: Women began to enter new occupations. She mentions Harriet Hosmer among artists, business owners, Elizabeth Blackwell and medicine, ministry and Antoinette Brown, law and Lelia Robinson.Married womens rights: The property rights and legal existence of married women.Political power: Some limited suffrage for women had already been won, including full suffrage in Wyoming, school and municipal suffrage in other places.Womens organizations: Womens clubs, colleges for women and co-educational colleges, the  Womans Christian T emperance Union  and other reform groups and beneficent societies, factory, and prison inspectors, and the Board of Lady Managers for the Columbian Exposition, at which Stone was speaking. She closed with: And not one of these things was allowed women fifty years ago, except the opening at Oberlin.  By what toil and fatigue and patience and strife and the beautiful law of growth has all this been wrought? These things have not come of themselves. They could not have occurred except as the great movement for women has brought them out and about. They are part of the eternal order, and they have come to stay. Now all we need is to continue to speak the truth fearlessly, and we shall add to our number those who will turn the scale to the side of equal and full justice in all things. Full text:  The Progress of Fifty Years: Lucy Stone, 1893​ Related Primary Source Material on This Site: Laura Ormiston Chant: The Duty of God to Man  - 1893Ida Hultin: Essential Oneness of Ethical Ideas  - 1893Marriage Protest of Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell  - 1855

Video Game Industry Analysis - 2720 Words

SALES, DEMOGRAPHIC AND USAGE DATA 2013 ESSENTIAL FACTS ABOUT THE COMPUTER AND VIDEO GAME INDUSTRY [ iii ] â€Å"No other sector has experienced the same explosive growth as the computer and video game industry. Our creative publishers and talented workforce continue to accelerate advancement and pioneer new products that push boundaries and unlock entertainment experiences. These innovations in turn drive enhanced player connectivity, fuel demand for products, and encourage the progression of an expanding and diversified consumer base.† —Michael D. Gallagher, president and CEO, Entertainment Software Association [ iv ] WHAT’S INSIDE WHO IS PLAYING 2 3 Who Plays Computer and Video Games? Who Buys Computer and Video Games?†¦show more content†¦of parents believe that the parental controls available on all new video game consoles are useful. Further, parents impose time usage limits on video games more than any other form of entertainment: 86% 79% of parents place time limits on video game playing 78% of parents place time limits on Internet usage 72% of parents place time limits on television viewing 69% of parents place time limits on movie viewing of the time parents areShow MoreRelatedHome Video Game Industry Analysis Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesSubject: The Home Video Game Industry: Industry Analysis History In 1949 the video game was thought of for the first time by an engineer named Ralph Baer but it would be years before video games would enter the spotlight.1 In 1972 Steve Bushnell started the first gaming company Atari. Until 1978 there were very few games for the home system. In 1982 Atari releases a newer version and sales start to sore. In 1985 Nintendo enters the market with the NES. Nintendo still outsells both companiesRead MoreFive Forces Analysis of the Video Game Industry943 Words   |  4 PagesForces Analysis of the Video Game Industry The video game industry is the economic sector involved with the development, marketing and sale of video and computer games. It includes video game consoles, game software, handheld devices, mobile games and online games. The video gaming industry has been growing exponentially in recent years with Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo competing for the higher profits in the market. This essay will analyze each of the five forces acting on the industry: threatRead MoreVideo Game Industry Analysis Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesIndustry background The video game industry (formally referred to as interactive entertainment) is the economic sector involved with the development, marketing and sale of video and computer games. It includes video game consoles, game software, handheld devices, mobile games and online games. The video gaming industry has been growing exponentially in recent years. The growth is expected to leap-frog in the future. Following chart shows the projected market share by 2010 of different segmentRead MoreVideo Game Industry Analysis2138 Words   |  9 PagesHistory The history of video games goes as far back as the 1940s, when in 1947 Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Este Ray Mann filed a United States patent request for an invention they described as a cathode ray tube amusement device. Video gaming would not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when arcade video games, gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to the general public. Since then, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modernRead MoreVideo Game Industry- 5 Forces Analysis1442 Words   |  6 PagesForces Analysis of the Video Game Industry As in every industry, there are five competitive forces that determine the intensity of competition between the different players. These competitive forces are; the threat of entry of a new company in the industry, the threat of substitution by another product, the bargaining power of the buyers, the bargaining power of the suppliers, and rivalry among currently existing competitors. These competitive forces are easily seen in the video game industry, asRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Video Game Industry Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesevery other industry I believe the brand name is a pivotal component in the success of a company to sell products. The brand name speaks to the quality of the products, the consistency in the identity of the brand, the distribution intensity and the values of the brand. The brand name is what differentiates one product from another. A quality brand name also determines the price a product can be sold at. Although, Sony wasn’t previously known for being a powerhouse in the video game industry they haveRead MoreFive Forces Analysis of Video Game Console Industry Essay745 Words   |  3 PagesForces Analysis of Video Game Console Industry Threat of Substitutes: The main substitute for a video game console would be a personal computer. They can both be used for playing different types of video games and be used for entertainment. The threat of this substitute edging out video game consoles is very low, because they are not completely similar. If anything, video game consoles are edging out personal computers in the gaming industry. The threat of substitutes in the video game is notRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game Industry1344 Words   |  6 Pages In the year 2016, the video game industry hit an important milestone. As seen in this 2015-2019 analysis, the industry hit a market value of over $100,000,000,000: (â€Å"THE GLOBAL GAMES MARKET REACHES $99.6 BILLION IN 2016, MOBILE GENERATING 37%†). Just like today, 1983 was looking great for the future of video games. However, unlike today, 1983 did not go great for the video game industry, it went awfully. In 1983, the video game industry crashed and h as not fully recovered to the value of the marketRead MoreThe Ultimate Gaming Experience : Buy Their Stocks1057 Words   |  5 PagesEntertainment Software Association in 2015, they found out that 155 million of Americans play video games. More interestingly, four out of five US households now own a device used to play video games. That device could be computer, gaming platform and also mobile devices. This information is relevant to have if we have the intention to invest in stocks in gaming industries. One of the big company in the gaming industry is GameStop Corporation. GameStop is a company that consisted many retail brands thatRead MoreSwot And Strategy Evaluation Of Gambling876 Words   |  4 Pagesis large business in the United States and other parts of the world. The gaming industry produces billions in income each year. Gambling comes in many forms; old-style casinos, the internet, and even machine gaming at local companies such as truck stops. However, the gaming marke t is very modest and not without risk. Large corporations produce millions if not billions of dollars to gain a reasonable edge. A SWOT analysis and strategy evaluation should be accomplished to assess factors in the business

Causes of Defaults in Microfinance Institutions in Sub Saharan Africa

Question: Discuss about theCauses of Defaults in Microfinance Institutions in Sub Saharan Africa. Answer: Introduction Background of the Study Financial institutions have played an important role in various parts of the world. Despite this there have been problems of loan defaults among the microfinance bank than main banks especially in developing countries. We want to establish whether the microfinance institutions contribute significantly to the causes of the defaults. In reference to Otero (1999), microfinance refers to providing or making financial services available to low-income poor people. Microfinance first came on the limelight in 1970s with the construction of Grameen Bank courtesy of Muhammad Yunus (Robinson, 2001). Before then from 1950s the role of the current microfinance was being played by donors and governments. Unfortunately the idea was met by myriad of challenges which resulted in high rate of default and hence losses to the government and the donors (Robinson, 2001). Research by (Schreiner, 2003) asserts that by 1996 there were about 1000 MFIs in about one hundred countries with an estimation of 1000 members. Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have recently seen an increase in the number of microfinance institutions due to high demand for microcredit for SMEs and poor business people in urban and rural areas. The governments have also facilitated the rate at which the microfinance institutions are being established by liberalizing the economies. Whereas the main aim of any microfinance is not only lending but also making profit, high class competition in the sector has led to most of the microfinance institutions compromising on the critical aspects of lending leaving them exposed to high risk of default. The soaring rates of non-payments in microfinances impact badly on the extent of private investment and restrict operations of the institutions credit to borrower as they have to cater for the defaults. On the other hand, success of any microfinance is measured by delinquency loan as a fraction of gross lending. To salvage the delinquency loans, there is need for the microfinance institutions to lay down robust mitigation strategies such as more strict credit policies, an elaborate loan appraisal procedures and proper default recovery procedures. The subsequent chapters of the proposal will include literature review and methodologies that will be used in the actual research. Literature Review Default in microfinance The core objective of this study is to come up with a model to predict loan default among micro-borrowers in Africa. It will then be proper for the study to define or explain the term default. Default in the context of this research study refers to failure of individual borrower to repay a due installment at the right time. Many microfinances have of late been struggling with the problem of default. This has been occasioned by the level of competition in the market which drives them to lend money without proper loan appraisal. It is an issue of concern since it is affecting the operation of many of those institutions. When defaults are minimal or repayment rates are high, the MFIs are able to increase the amount of money they disburse to lenders. They are also able to offer their loans at lower interest rates and even charge lower processing fees (Acquah Addo, 2011). There have been debates as to the causes of loan defaults but a conclusive result is yet to be found. It has been said that some of the reasons that are likely to encourage poor repayments or default are poor management procedures, using loan for unintended purpose, lack of will by the borrower to repay and other economic factors (Wongnaa, 2013). According to (Arene, 1993), a number of factors such as level of education of a farmer, income and experience were better determiners of credit worthiness of a borrower. A research study done in Kwazulu Natal in South Africa by (Mashatola Darroch, 2003) pointed that farm size, loan size, farming experience and level of education affected loan repayment. According to (Eze Ibekwe, 2007) formal education, loan size, size of the family and occupation of the borrower also significantly influenced repayment behavior. Research Questions and Hypothesis Research Questions Could the initial loan appraisal process be the major cause of non-performing loans in microfinance institutions in sub-Saharan Africa? Are the laid down recovery framework and procedures by microfinance institutions be the major cause of defaults in microfinance institutions? What are the lenders factors that could encourage non-performing loans among borrowers in MFIs? Research hypothesis The following is the main research hypothesis of the research project. H0: Microfinance institutions in sub-Saharan Africa contribute significantly to the causes of defaults that they experience. Versus H1: Loan defaults among microfinance institutions borrowers in sub-Saharan Africa have got nothing to do with the institutions themselves. Operational Definitions and Measurements The population of this research will involve established microfinance companies and borrowers from the same institutions in the sub-Saharan Africa. The population will be limited to those microfinance institutions that have been registered by their various governments Central Bank by December 2015. Credit risk managers and loan officers from microfinance institutions will form the population. Research Methodology Sampling Technique The research combines both qualitative and quantitative research design. The quantitative research technique will be used in cases where the some studys test will be done using inferential statistics. This approach method is preferred because of the random nature of the sample from which inference will be made. This design will be used to describe the data and population characteristic.The dependent variable in this case will be default while the independent variables will be loan amount, size of the business, experience with microfinance, level of education of the borrower to mention but a few. Method of Analysis Correlation analysis will also be conducted, to be specific, Pearsons Correlation coefficient will be employed to establish the cross-relationship between the independent and dependent variables; this will be to determine whether there is a significant relationship that exist between a variable and default to the extent that the variable can be an indicator of looming default. During data analysis, multivariate statistical software XL Stats will be used because of its aptness in multivariate analysis. Since the study is having numerous variables, factor analysis will be used since it is able to screen a group of variables depending on the weight of correlation. To add on, the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel will be used to solve the multiple regression equation used in this study and to solve descriptive statistics. Research Process The data will be collected through two ways. These are primary data and secondary data. Primary data will be collected through the use of questionnaires so as to get first-hand information. Secondary data on the other hand refers to data from past records, published journals and data from the microfinances that will be used in the study. Though the study will use both primary and secondary, the study will rely heavily on secondary data. On primary data, a simple random sampling will be employed to select the respondents. A self-administered questionnaire will be employed in data collection. This will help the participants have ample time to answer the questions at their own free time since some of them are usually not ready at the time the researcher wants to conduct the interview. Expected Outcomes From the literature review, it is evident that most of the causes of default or non-payment of loans among microfinance institution borrowers comes from the borrowers themselves and not the microfinance institutions in Africa. Such causes are using the money borrowed for other purposes other than the intended purpose. The other cause from the borrowers may be investing the borrowed money in projects that are not viable. Moreover, there are other causes that come from the institutions themselves such as lack of proper loan appraisal. Conclusion The research study will be an important learning material to policy drafters in MFIs as it will guide them on maintaining a quality and performing loan portfolio. When it comes to delinquency management, the document will come in handy for the top managers of financial institutions and the juniors such as loan officers who directly deal with borrowers from the initial stages of recruitment to loan appraisal. Apart from the financial institutions, the outcome of this research will be a point of reference to potential borrowers to make better choices when looking for any loan product. References Arene, C. J. (1993). 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